Kale Seeds,
Russian Red or Ragged Jack

Sow seeds in early spring 2-4 weeks before the last frost or in late summer about 8 weeks before the first frost for a fall harvest. Check local frost dates to determine the best time for planting. Russian Red kale can also tolerate frost, which enhances its flavor​. If you’re not sure how to find your first and last frost dates, consult our blog post 'Our Experts Answer Questions, Share Resources.'

Sow seeds directly in the garden at a depth of 1/4 inch, spacing them about 8 inches apart in rows 18-24 inches apart. If starting indoors, sow seeds 4-6 weeks before the last frost and transplant them when they are 3-4 inches tall​.

Water regularly to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. Use mulch to conserve moisture and prevent weed growth. Fertilize with a balanced, organic fertilizer or compost every 4-6 weeks during the growing season. Regularly harvest the outer leaves to encourage new growth​.

• Like all cabbage family members, kale is biennial.
• Kale is insect pollinated and will cross with some closely related cabbage family members, so it is wise to isolate varieties at least a mile apart to ensure pure seed. Other techniques such as alternate day caging can be used if isolation is not possible.
• You will need to overwinter plants to harvest seeds. Mulch plants heavily with straw or cover with row cover and greenhouse plastic in an attempt to nurse plants through the winter. You can also dig up plants and store them inside to replant in spring.
• When the flower spikes emerge in the second year, let the seed pods dry to brown and cut off the entire flower spike.
• Hang flower stalks upside down indoors over a tarp, allowing the seeds to drop onto the tarp.
• Seeds will remain viable for up to 4 years.